Thursday, September 03, 2009

A BRIEF GUIDE TO RESEARCH PAPERS: Part Three

E.PUNCTUATION
The spacing required after punctuation marks is one space after period (full stop), comma, colon, or semicolon. For pages of books, there is no space after a colon, for e.g., 5:66. For pages of journals, there is a space after the colon, for e.g., (1998): 66.



F.QUOTATION
1.The use of quotation marks must be consistent. If single quotation marks are used as the ‘first level’, the ‘second level’ should be double quotation marks, and vice versa (e.g. ‘the “baby-step” development’ or “the ‘baby-step’ development”).

2.Short quotations (one sentence or less) are easily worked into the paragraph. Longer quotations (usually two sentences on eight lines or more) are typed as a separate paragraph as “block quotations,” without opening and close quotation marks. This paragraph must be indented from the left and right edges of the main text by half an inch.

3.The punctuation marks within the quotation marks must be from the materials quoted. Otherwise, put them outside the quotation marks (e.g., He loves repeating ‘the quick brown fox is spinning round and round’, but he hates…).

G.ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES
1.These texts are to be placed within the body of the text and as close as possible to the place in the text where they are first mentioned.

2.These are to be numbered with Arabic numerals and in a manner which does not cause confusion.

H.FOOTNOTES
1.The texts of the footnotes are to be in the same font and one-point size smaller as that of the main and single-spaced.

2.The footnote number should be in superscript and the numbers follow one another in numerical sequence throughout the paper.

3.Footnotes are place below a short rule, or separator. A footnote must begin on the page where it is referenced though a long note many extend to the bottom of the next page.


I.BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERANCES
1.When the full details of bibliographical reference are to be given, the style as set out by Kate Turabian is to be used (see K.L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Paper, Theses and Dissertations, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 6th edition revised by J. Grossman and A. Bennett, 1996).
For the convenience of the student, the most common forms he/she will most probably use in the footnotes are given below:
a.S. S. Smalley, Thunder and Love: John’s Revelation and John’s Community (Milton Keynes: Word, 1995), 55.
b.When a bibliographical item is referred to for the first time, a full citation is required in the footnotes (e.g., S. S. Smalley: Thunder and Love: John’s Revelation and John’s Community (Milton Keynes: Word, 1995), 55.) Subsequent references to such works should use the short title system (e.g., Smalley, Thunder, 99; or Ibid., 99)

2.The entries in the bibliography, at the end of the paper, must be arranged in alphabetical order. This means that the author’s name (or the editor’s, when appropriate) should be written first and not his/her first names or initials. Note the following examples:
a.Bruce, F. F “The Book of Zechariah and the Passion Narrative.” BJRL 43 (1960-1), 336-53.
b.White, V. The Fall of a Sparrow: A Concept of Special Divine Action. Exeter: Paternoster, 1985.
Footnotes: In the text the note reference follows the passage to which it refers and it marked with an Arabic numeral typed slightly above the line (superscript). Note are arranged numerically at the foot (Footnotes) of the page of the essay, article, or book. Notes include complete bibliographic information when cited for the first time.
Bibliography: Lists sources which are cited and consulted in writing the paper. Entries are arranged alphabetically by author’s surname and include complete bibliographic information. A minimum of 5 bibliographies are required for the undergrad level and 10 for the master’s level.




Jesus Loves You
Jesus Can Save You

tamkitam

No comments: